Electrical control system



April 12, 192-1.

} P.,-CHARPENT|ER ELECTRIdAL CONTROL SYSTEM Filed June 29, 1925 5 Sheets-Shem: 1

' 1,624,158 P. CHARPENTIER ELECTRI CAL CONTROL SYSTEM April 12, 1927.

Filed June '29, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet z A ril 12, 1927.

' 1,624,158 P. CHARPENTIER momma comm, SYSTEM Fil ed June 29, 1925 5 Shasta-She'd s April 12,1927.

P. CHARPENTIER ELECTRICAL CONTROL SYSTEM Filed June 29, 19 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 April-12,1927. v 1,624,158

P. CHARP ENTIER' ELECTRICAL CONTROL SYSTEM Filed June 29, 1925 5 sums-shut 5 Patented Apr. 12, 19237.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL CHAR-PENTIER, OF SPARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO FORGES c5: ATELIERS DE CONSTRUOTIONS ELECTRIQUES DE JEU'RION'I, SQCIETE ANONYME, OF PARIS, FRANCE, .55. FRENCH JOINT-STC CK COMPANY.

ELECTRICAL CONTROL SYSTEM.

Application filed June 29, 1925, Serial No. 40,333, and in France August 2, 1924.

This invention relates to an electrical control system with master controller for the starting and regulation of electric traction motors or motor groups of high power and comparatively high voltage.

In. equipments of this kind, the contacts governing the distribution circuits of the motors and of the auxiliary machines or apparatus assume the form of separate contactors with contact-pieces subjected to high pressure and energetic magnetic blow out.

These contactors, constructed preferably like switches, are operated in modern equipments by means of cam shafts actuated by any suitable driving means and are arranged to efi'ect the usual successive combinations in the controlled circuit; in each position of the cam-shaft a series of cams of suitable shape is caused to actuate the lever or lovers of the contactors to be engaged.

This method of operation is open to objcctions except for simple equipments 0t comparatively low power; in the case of a large number of contactors traversed by currents of great intensity and high voltage, it necessitates cam-shafts of diameter, length and weight which are inadmissible.

There can however be employed in such a case several cam-shafts each operating a group of contactors; but this subdivision renders the operation of the plant more complicated. The actuation of. contactors of large dimensions and their maintenance in position, by means of cams and rollers, entail heavy constructions and large operating "forces: moreover the necessity of actuating masses of such magnitude and arresting them suddenly after small movements involves the danger of producing rapid wear and derangement of the parts.

These drawl'iacks are avoided in the sys tern according to the present invention, in which instead of requiring a single memher, the cam-shaft, to select the contactors for engagement and release to perform one or other of these operations. and to maintain the contactors in position, there is employed for each of these operations a separate member of suitable nature.

This system of preliminary selection further allows of selecting other apparatus in the equipment at the time of the engagement or the release ot a previously selected group and of performing these operations by means of a single controllingdevice. The actual movement of this device, which. is normally utilized for the selection, may likewise be employed for the operation in any suitable manner of certain apparatus of which the selection has been effected beforehand by other devices.

The improved system therefore comprises essentially (l) A selector or combiner which selects either mechanically or electrically the contactors or other apparatus to be actuated.

(2) An operating device which effects the closing or opening of the contactors selected by the previous device or the operation of other apparatus already selected.

(3) A single controlling member which actuates successively the two previous devices, and of which two successive movements can be utilized for the operation of other apparatus selected in any suitable manner; the selector and the operating device for the apparatus can however be actuated each by a separate controlling member.

(4) Locking means which maintain the contactors or other apparatus in engaged position atter'the controlling member has acted.

Upon the annexed drawings, to which ref erence is made in the subsequent description, the same letters and numerals designate the same parts or elements.

Figure 1 represents by way of example a cont-actor With its operating devices, arranged in accordance with. the invention, in the different stages of its movement.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the details of the contactor operating mechanism shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a diagram of an example of automatic operation of the selector or combiner and the operating member in accordance with the invention.

Figure 4 shows a form of construction of the main part of the selector or combiner.

Figure illustrates a modification of the operating means represented in Figure 3.

Figure 6 represents another device for operating the selector or combiner and the operating member in accordance with the invention.

Figure 7 shows a form of operation especially intended for line circuit breakers.

Figure 8 is an arrangement for the operation of reversing switches, utilizing the first part of the movement of the controlling member.

Figure 9 illustrates the operation of a brake switch by means analogous to the pre ceding.

Figure 10 represents the arrangement of the control circuits with apparatus in accordance with the present invention.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the main lever 1 of the cont-actor is pivoted towards one end at t upon a stationary support 18 to which it is connected by a flexible lead 18 at its other end it carries contact piece 2, 2 designed to co-operate wit-h a stationary contact piece 3 and an auxiliary contact finger 3 The contact pieces 2, 3. 3 may be of any suitable type but are preferably arranged as indicated in the drawing.

The engaging and release i'novements of the cont actor are obtained for example by means of an oscillating shaft 10, provided with rollers 13, 1-1, mounted upon a part secured to the shaft 10 but insulated from the latter.

The combiner or selector is represented diagrannnatioally by one of its wheels such as 15 carrying cams 16 of the requisite profile, acting upon a rolle 21 mounted at the end of a lever 17 of suitable shape. pivoted at 19 upon the stationary support 18 and terminating in two branches carryin .rollers 22 and 23 respectively.

These rollers 22 and operate auxiliary levers 5 and 6 respectively. pivoted at I and 8 upon the main lever 1 and constantly pressed against the said roll rs by springs 5 and 6,.

The lever 6 carries at one end a hook terminating in a branch 25 which is adapted to abut against the stud 25 secured on the wheel 15.

The other end of the lever 6 carries pivoted at 6 a finger 6 having a ramp :29 and a lug 9. The two integral members 9 and 6 are constantly urged towards the position of rest (Figure 1) by a spring 6 their function will be explained later.

\V-hen the wheel 15 of the combiner turns through the desired angle. one of its cams 16 is made to raise the roller 21; the lever 17 thus actuated pivots around the axis 19. and its roller 22 pushes back the lever 5, which rocks about the pivot IT and brings a ramp 241- into the path of the roller 13 on the oscillating shaft 10.

If then this shaft 10 is turned in the clockwise direction, the roller 13 engages under the ramp Qel and causes the lifting of the auxiliary lever 51 which continues its rocking movement until it abuts against a stop the main lever 1 is then ri idly operated together with the movable contact piece 2, 2 which comes to press upon the stationary contact piece 3, 3,. Rubbingaction and firm pressure between the contacts 2 and 3, 3 will be ensured by springs 2 and 3;; controlling the pivoted contacts 2 S The circuit controlled thus closed.

At the same time the hook 25 of the other auxiliary lever (3 receiving the same movement as the lever 1. engages upon a ledge 26 on the support 18 and maintains the contactor in closed position. with the roller 21 pushed back by a T2111! such as 16; the shaft 10 however is returned to its position of rest (Figure 1).

If the wheel 15 then continues to rotate and the cam 16 moves away from the roller 21. aspring 27 arranged between the lever 17 and the support 18 pushes hack the lever 17 towards the left of the figure, the branch 20 of this lever then pressing its roller 23 against the lug integral with the finger 6 The-engagement of the roller 23 with the lug :1 turns the finger 6 around the pivot 6 until the back of the lug strikes at against the main portion of the lever '(3; the finger 6 then has its ramp 29 placed in the path of the roller 1-1 upon the shaft 10.

If the shaft 10 again oscillated in the clockwise direction, its roller 1. 1; engages the ramp 29 and pushes back the finger '6 the movement of which is llli lltetl by a stop 30 and then rocks the lever (3 :around the pivot 8 by means of a finger '6 and the lug S). A stop limits the reclaim;- n'iovement of the lever 6 in this direction. The hook 25 now siips off its ledge 26. and the main lever 1 of the 'contactor being freed turns around the pivot st. separating the movable contact pieces 2. 2 from the stationary contact pieces 3 so as to break the circuit. As soon as the rotation of the shaft 10 and the consequent displacement of the roller 1 t release the Zlever 6. all the parts of the system resume their position of rest (Figure 1) in readiness for further operations.

The actual operation of the contactors. after preliminary selection. as described above. is given merely as an example and may evidently be obtained in n'iany other ways An important feature of the invention consists in producing the release of all the contactors by the return of the zero of the selector device. For this purpose the arm 25 of the hook (3 is so shaped that it is only struck by the stud Q5 carried by the wheel 15 of the selector during the return movcment of the latter to zero.

The stud 25 then causes the arn: 25, to move back, the hook 25 being actuated to move oil its ledge 26, and the lever G res-uniing its pos tion of rest (Figure 1.), while the contact pieces 2 and 3 open in the manner previously explained.

The arrangement represented in l-i;rure '1. comprises a pawl 48, pivoted at one end upon a stationary axis 49 and pivotally attached at its centre to the movable core at an electroniagnet DV; the other end of the pawl is adapted to engage in a notched wheel 50 keyed upon the shaft of the selector or combiner. \Vhen this electromagnet DV is energized, its movable core is attracted, operating the pawl 48, which rocks around the pivot 49 and engages over one of the teeth. of the wheel 50, but as soon as the excitation ceases, a spring 51 arranged between the pawl 48 and the stationary frame or support of the magnet DV releases the pawl from the notch in the wheel 50.

The equipment control must conipri. suitable driving means for producing first the rotation of the mechanical selector or combiner, then the operation of the oscillating shaft or other device for engaging and releasing the contactors picked out by the selector.

Depending upon whether the working is to be automatic or not, the operation of the driving means may continue automaticall after once being started, or may require the intervention of circuits or contacts established by the master controller in each working position.

The operation of the contactors in an automatic equipment comprising; the system described above, may be carried out for example by means of an elcctrommsrnct 7) (see Figure 3), having; one extremity of its windingearthed by a lead. a and. the other connected to a lead a, the supply of current to the latter being regulated by a master switch or drum-type controller of any suitable type. This magnet I) may be energized intermittently, for example by means of a bascule or see-saw contact h of known type.

The magnet 7) carries pivoted to its movable eore l), a pawl 72 which engages upon the teeth of a ratchet wheel 7) so as to ad vance the latter through a given angle at each stroke of the said core 1),. This wheel. 6,, is keyed to the extremity of a shaft 9 car lying, the cam-wheels such as. 15 and 15 of the combiner or selector.

Moreover the movable core Z1, is provided with a contact piece adapted to close the supply circuit (Z to a second electromag eta each time that the core Z), reaches the end of its stroke. To the core 6, of the magnet 0 there is pivotally attached a crank device c secured to one end of the oscillating shatt 1i), carrying the rollers such as 13 ll and 13,,

14, operating the levers 1 and 1., of the contaetors, which are not shown in Figure 4-.

The nioven'icnt oil the core 0 produces the oscillation of the shaft by means of the crank On the other hand, upon the lead a. there mounted a contact f, operated by an accelcrating relay or current limiter 7 controlling the rotation oi the shaft (j and therefore the successive combinations o t the eontactors, the other elements of the equipment being arranged in the ordinary manner.

It will readily be understood. in view ol' the explanations given above, that the operations effected by the combiner or selector require only very small torces,since they consist merely in altering the position of one or other of the levers such as 5 and 6 or in maintaining them at rest; the parts can therefore be of small size and strength.

It the equipment involves a large number 8 of con'rbinations, the dian'ieters of the wheels such as and 153, can nevertheless be kept small by arranging); the cams such as 16 along one or more he ices instead of around a circle.

The wheels such as 16 and l5 may then have the profile of a square-threaded screw provided with cams such as Z on (Figure l), the shattterminatin; in a screw j revolving in a bearing; is torinii'ig a nut of the same pitch as the wheel 15; consequei'itly at each revolution of the shaft 9 the cams such as Z of one thread 7L tor example will. move away laterally giving place to the cams such as on ot the adjacent thread 2'. This n'iethod o't construction easily allows the provision of selectors giving more than forty positions, with a cam wheel of not more than six-inch diameter.

In certain cases, especially lor brake-operation, it may be necessary after having; re turned the combiners or selectors to the position of rest, to make them rotate afresh while actuating eontactors adapted to produce combinations difierent from those previously established or contactors not AT:- vieusly utilized.

For this purpose, the shaft .7 may be displaced in the direction of its axis by means of an electromagnet such as 77/ the exciting circuit of which will be closed by a supplementary contact, for example as soon as the driver turns his switch handle to the first braking: position; such an arrangement al-- lows the rapid establishment of the combinations required for brake-application.

The displacement mentioned may be ot any suitable kind; for example the hearing nut Z; may be fast with the core 37 of the magnet a which carries it alone in its stroke, the nut Z: remzuninnheld against rotation by a stop or slide q in the case of helicoidal braking earns but being drawn out of engagement with such stop to allow simple rotation in the case of plane braking cams (Figure 4). As soon as the magnet nis deenergized, the shaft g slides back into place.

In the braking position, another cam wheel 2:, fast with the wheel 15 for example, and carrying suitable-cams, comes into place under the rollers such as 91. of levers similar to the lovers 17. It will be understood that a wheel 1' with helicoidal cams might also be employed for brake control to function in the same way as the wheel 15.

In order to save time in the app'liation of the brakes, there is arranged between the thread 71 of this wheel 15 and the cam wheel 7', a ramp a which slides along beneath the rollers such as 2-1 of the contactor levers 17 which are to be actuated in the first braking posit-ion.

F or a stepby-step advance and a sudden return to Zero of the selector :or combiner, there may likewise be utilized the arrangement comprising a toothed wheel 6, with pawl I) (see Figure as well as a toothed pinion f with toothed sector a, respectively operated by electromagnets 7) Z).

The electromagnet Z) advancing the toothed wheel 7), eyed upon the shaft arranged as in Figures 3 and i will at the end of its stroke close the contact 0 arranged in the supply circuit d of the magnet e operating the oscillating shaft 10 in the manner above described with reference to Figure 3.

The invention may further be applied to any other system of master-control operation by electromagnetic means. auxiliary motor, compressed air cylinder and piston, or the like, for effecting successively the step-by-step advance or return of the selector or combiner and the simultaneous oscillations of the shaft 10. The return of the combiner to Zero may likewise be effected by means of suitable spring acting upon the shaft of the combiner, in the manner already known for certain types of controller.

After having returned the combiner to its zero position, it may however be necessary to effect the opening of certain contactors still in engagen'ient. and therefore to pro d uce a supplementary oscillation of the shaft 10 operating these contactors, without actuating the driving means of the combiner which would take up its first working position.

l or this purpose. the toothed sector 11. may be connected to the electromagnet Z) by means of a pivotal link 0: and crank ac. the latter carrying a contact piece u, which at the end of its stroke (i. e. after the return to zero of the combiner) will close an auxiliary circuit rc supplying the 'electroniagnet e which operates LllB shaft 10. This :1nagnet 6 when energized will oscillate the shaft 10, which will produce the release of the contactors still closed, since in the zero po sition the combiner picks up the whole of the contactors for opening the circuits. or at least those which have to be released in the off position of the switch or controller.

The system represented in Figure 7 is given merely by way of example and comprises.tl1rec operating electromagnets, but the invention might also be carried out with the arrangcn'ient described hereafter with reference to Figure (3; the latter requires only two electromagnets, one of them being a selecting ma net of low power.

Upon the oscillating shaft .0 (Figure 6), there is mounted a loose sleeve ll opera-ted in any convenient manner by an electromagnet G or by any oth r means of sufficient power to engage three or four contactors at once.

The said magnet G is energized under the control of the master switch, at each step in its working, or else intermittently under the action of a bascule contact of known type.

A crank it keyed upon the loose sleeve F is attached to a connecting rod B terminating in a claw B, of suitable shape, which in the position of rest bears upon a stud C fixed to a whii'lle or rocking bar K.

Another link and crank group MN is attached on the opposite side to the group All, but in this case directly, to the oscillating shaft 10.

The bar K is pivotally connected at its two extremities respectively to the link M at the end Ti and at the other end to the feed pawl D of the toothed wheel 6, keyed upon the shaft ot the combiner.

The electromagnet G when energized produces the rotation of the sleeve F in clockwise direction, the shaft 10 remaining stationary; the crank A and link B thus operated rock the bar K around the pivot I L by means of the stud C and the claw 33,. In this operation the rocking bar K tends to lower the link M and crank N. but such movement is prevented by the resistance en-- countered by the shaft 10 in oscillating to close the contactors, a resistance being afforded by a suitable spring P for example The bar K lowers the pawl D which engages over one of the teeth of the ratchet wheel and advances the latter by one step, tensioning a spring 1 and then striking against a stop Q; the force of the crank A is then transmitted through the rocking bar K to the link hi and to the crank N, the shaft 10 therefore oscillating and engaging the contac'tors selected by the combiner which will already have advanced by one step.

It the excitation of the magnet G ceases at this moment, its core resumes its position (ill of rest under the action of the springs P and P and all the parts of the system will be in readiness to perform further move ments, such as that described above, as soon as the magnet (l becomes energized again.

In order to produce the return of the combiner to zero, the circuit (l of the magnet G- is opened while the circuit S of a selection magnet It is supplied automatically, either by the return of the master switch to zero, or by auxiliary contacts on the line switches or circuit breakers, according to the known methods.

The movable core R of the magnet R is connected to the link B by a jointed rod R This magnet B when energized pushes the said link B towards the left, its claw B being thereby freed from the stud G and the link bringing a ramp B, into the path of another stud T carried by a lever U pivoted at one end at L upon the rocking bar K and link M, and at the other end at U, to the end of the link V operating the sector t meshing ith the pinion a serving to return the combiner to zero.

The movable core R, carries a contact piece R, which at the end of its stroke recloses the supply circuit G, of the magnet (i. The sleeve F thus actuated oscillates the crank 9i, and the ramp B of the link B pressing upon the stud T draws down the lever U and link V until their pivotal connection ll, ei'icounters a stop X the joint Ti common to the members M, K and U bein so far held stationary by the spring P. The combiner is thus returned to zero by t and a. The link ll continuing its movement. the lever U pivots around the point U, and then falls so as to tension the spring 1 while the attached link M produces the part-rotation of the crank N so as to oscillate the sl'iaft 10. The rocking bar K will likewise fall at the same time as the joint L, but without actuating the pawl D, merely turning around the joint between K and. l).

The previously described mechanical ,means for operating the contactors may be utilized in place of the electric combiner, with electromagnetic contactors, employed in known control systems, all the other features of the control system remaining unaltered as regards the step by step operation, the automatic working and so on.

It may a remarked that the successive engnununents and releases of the cont-actors being determined in a positive manner, in the improved device, by the position and the shape of the selector cams, there is no possibility of error in the operation of the said contactors and it is uni'iecessary to provide any interlocking means for preventing their accidental o 'iening or closing; the improved device therefore presents a great advantage (01' the ordinary cam-controllers in which the contactors may stick in closed position (due to overheating or burning) without the rotation of the cam-shaft being arrested, thereby producing short-circuits in the traction circuit.

In the present invention, the releasing forces are in general suflicient to open contacts which have become slightly stuck together, but if these contacts should resist the action of the oscillating shaft, the latter would no longer be able to open or to close the contactors at the subsequent working positions, because its roller 14 would be held fast upon the ramp 29. This feature provides a means for placing the traction circuit out of operation, by cutting the control circuit.

For this purpose one of the membersacting upon the oscillating shaft 10, for example the link B, is formed in two parts; the lower part carries a shank Z adapted to slide in the interior of the upper part, bearing upon a suitable spring Z surrounding it and tending to bring the two parts to gether.

If the shaft 10 and therefore the rocking bar K and claw B of the link 13 are blocked due to the sticking of the contacts on any of the contactors, the loose sleeve F turns alone under the action of the magnet G and actuates the lower part of the link B which in descending opens a contact J the latter is arranged to open the line contactors, for example by interrupting their current supply, so that the whole operation is held up.

.In the case of an automatic equipment with operating electromagnet acting as a trembler, the core of the magnet will be arrested in its movement, due to the blocking of the shaft 10 by the stuck contacts, and the whole operation again held up, without any special safety devices.

Figure 7 represents an operating mechanism for circuit breakers or line switches designed to break traction circuits in case of overload or drop of line voltage by utiliz- For the engagement, the oscillating shaft of the running contactors, thus suppressing the means usually necessary for the opera tion of the controlled apparatus.

For the release, an electron'iagnet operated by drop of voltage to a given minimum value.

The oscillating shaft 10, Figure 7, can engage by either one of its rollers, 13 for example, the ramp 33 of the auxiliary lever 35, fixed upon the main lever 37; the latter is pivoted to the support 38 and carries the contact piece 39 of the circuit breaker represented by the contacts 39-40.

On the other hand, one end of the anxiliary lever 85 is connected by a rod 41, the purpose of which will be indicated hereafter, to the opposite end of the auxiliary lever 36, likewise pivoted upon the main lever 37. The lever 36- is pivota-ll-y attached at its other end to the movable core of an electromagnet 42 mounted upon thesupport 38 and energized by means of a lead 43 connected to the traction circuit, either directly or through suitable resistances. The magnet 42 thus operates as voltage relay.

If the magnet 42 is energized, the lever pushed forward by the lever 36 and the rod 41,. tilts in the counter clockwise direction.

When the shaft oscillates in the clockwise direction, its roller 13 engages under the ramp 33 on the auxiliary lever 35 and raises the latter; the main lever 37 is thereby operated to close the contacts of the circuit breaker. The lever 36 at the same moment brings its hook 44 in front of a ledge 45 upon the support 38.

If the electromagnet 42 remains energized. its movable core being attracted compresses a spring 46 arranged between the lever 36 and the support 38, and the hook 44 engages upon the ledge 45 being pressed forward by a flexible plate 47;. the circuit breaker or isolating switch will remain engaged so long as the electromagnet 42 remains energized, while the oscillating shaft 10 resumes its position: of rest.

The energization of the magnet 42 be comes insuliicient as soon as the line voltage falls by a predetermined amount; the spring 46 then pushes back the lever 36. the hook 44 of which becomes disengaged from the ledge 45, and all parts resume their position of rest shown in Figure 7. The circuitbreaker opens and the system is placed in condition for fresh operations which are carried out successively as indicated above.

In order to obtain the opening of the circuitbreakers under the action of the overload relay, it is only necessary to provide the latter with a contact RS, (Figure 7) which will cut the lead as soon as the overload relay operates.

If the equipment comprises brake action, for example by motors acting as generators closed upon resistances, the circuit having to remain open during this mode of running, the auxiliary lever 35 (Figure 7) may be operated for examp e by one of the cams of the combiner and a lever such as 17 (Figure 1). for the engagement of the circuit breakers in the power-running positions. Since for, the preparation of the brake operation. the combiner shaft is first of all displaced. in the direction of its axis, the contactor-engagement cam moves away from the roller such as 21, and the circuit breakers will not be actuated by the oscillating shaft as it brings the brake into action.

In addition tothis feature of the operationof thecircuit breakers in the two modes of running, the invention possesses the characteristic of the operation of the reversing switch not by the oscillating shaft but by the loose sleeve F (Figure 6). In this man ner the line circuit breakers can never be closed before the reversing switch has been actuated, and conversely the reversing switch cannot be operated unless the circuit breakers are in open position, since the rotation of the sleeve F necessarily precedes that of the oscillating shaft 10.

in brake operation, there may likewise be employed a brake switch actuated together with the sleeve F before the oscillating shaft 10 engages the contactors for the first brak-- ing position.

Figure 8 represents by way of example, a method of carrying out the control of the reversing switch based upon this principle.

In this figure the loose sleeve F actuated by the single operatingmeans controlling the equipment acts upon a system of links and rocking bar analogous to that of Figure 6. The free end of the rocking bar k engages one or other of the links 51 and 52, which each operate the shaft of the reversing switch in a different direction of rotation.

Discrimination of the direction of rotation of the reversing switch may be effected by the engagement of the hooked end of one or other of the links 51,. 52'. upon the stud 54 on the rocking bai- K accord ing as one or other link is drawn towards the rocking bar by the oscillation of an intermediate shaft in one direction or the Otll81'.. This shaft 55 carries two lovers 56 and 57 which act through springs 58 and 59 upon the links 51 and respectively. Two other levers 6t) and 61.. fast to the shaft are operated respectively by two small electromagncts 62 and 63. energized by the usual two control leads to the reversing switch. It can readily be seen that according as one or other of these magnets is energized, the movement of the rocking bar K, will actuate one or other of the links 51, or 52. This IDOVGII'lBI'llJ being effected. the rocking bar K, will abut against a support 64 and the sleeve F will then actuate the oscillating shaft 10, as has been. explained above. In the subsequent oscillations of the rocking bar, the latter will have no further action upon the link 51, or which it has operated, and the reversing switch will be maintained in place. If at a suitable moment, the other electromagnet 62 or 63 is energized, the reversing switch rocks in the opposite direction.

Figure 9 represents an analogous method of operation for the brake switch.

In this figure, the rocking bar K actuates the link 65 when the latter has been hooked upon the stud 66 on the rocking bar under the action of the spring 67 tensioned by the ltltl lit) [i ii attraction of the core of the electromagnet 68. The movement of the rocking bar thus produces the rotation of the shaft of the brake switch, tensioning a spring 71 tending to return the shaft 70 to its position of rest. At the same time as the rocking bar comes to rest upon the stop 69, the shaft '70 is hold fast by a pawl 72 which will be freed by a rod 73 fast to the core of the magnet 68, as soon as the latter is ole-energized. The shaft '70 will then return to its position of rest and the link 65 will be freed from the stud 66 under the action of the spring 74, the spring 67 being relaxed at the same moment.

The succession of the operations of selection and actuation of the apparatus is ensured by the use of auxiliary contacts mounted upon the shafts such as 53, 55, 70, or upon any other moving part in the system. These contacts arranged according to known methods of which however a very advantageous application is made in this case, have for their object firstly to set the driving means of the control system in movement only after selection of the apparatus to be actuated and further to interrupt the current supply to the selecting devices or driving means when they have perfmrnied their function.

Thus for example, the contacts 201, 202 and 203, 204 (Figure 10) are controlled. by segn'ients 210, 211 upon the drum CV, mounted upon the shaft of the reversing switch. The contacts 201, 202 are closed by 210 if the reversing switch in the forward travel position; 203, 204- will be closed by 21.1 if the reversing switch is in the reverse travel direction. The contacts 205, 206, 207 are controlled by segments 208, 209 on. the drum CV mounted upon the selection shaft 53 (Figure 8) or are fast to the movable cores ot the selection magnets 62. 68. T he contacts 205, 206 or 206, 207, will he closed by their respective segments when one of the selection magnets (32, (33, becomes energized.

In. Figure 9 there are likewise represented the selection devices necessary for obtaii'iing by a single movement the position of the con'ihiner which selects the contactors corresponding to the emergency ln'aking position, with the motors short-circuited.

In this figure, the rocking bar K or a member fastto the latter or to the sleeve F, actuates a link 75 which carries a hook and which is drawn towards the shaft 9 of the combiner so as to engage over tooth '76 carried by a sleeve upon this shaft. when the magnet 77 is energized through a special lead from the master switch so as to tension the spring 78 attached to the linh T The toot-h 76 being at a smaller radius from the shaft 0 than that of the toothed wheel 6",, (Figure 6), the stroke of the rocking bar K will cause the shaft 9 to perform a rotation correspoi'lding to several steps of the combiner, and to attain by a single movement the short-circuit braking position. lVhen the excitation of the magnet 77 is interrupted, the spring 79 returns the link 7 5 backwards.

The above examples show how the invention allows of actuating successively several apparatus in the equipment by the member operating the shaft 9 of the selector (Fig ures 3, 5, 6), and by the means driving the oscillating shaft 10 (Figures 8, 5, 6), in cases where this succession of operations has particular interest from the point of View of safety in working.

But it may also happen that it is required to actuate various apparatus at the end of one of the diverse connections (series parallel and the like), as is the case for example for a field shunting switch, without there being any need to observe a succession of the operations of these apparatus with other parts. In this case, the invention will allow of effecting these movements simply with the oscillating shaft such as 10, which will be engaged with the shaft of the apparatus to be controlled, by means of systems of electromagnets and selection links analogous to those shown in Figures 9 and 10.

The movement of these electromagnets. in

detern'iining the engagement with the shaft 10 and not with the sleeve F as in the aforementioned ligures, will produce a current supply to the means operating the shaft 10 and provide a supplementary working position. \Vhen this position has been attained, the supply to the driving means can be suppressed by the movement of the apparatus operated and matters can be restored to the normal state after cessation of the employtient of this apparatus by the simple return movement of the selection electromagnet to the position of rest.

Figure 10 represents diagrammatically an arrangement of the circuits and apparatus intended to provide an automatic controlv of an equipment comprising co-ntactors with the arrangements described above with rcference toFigures 1 to 8 of the drawings.

Such an equipment may comprise a ccrtain number of contact-ore serving to effect in a given order the diverse combinations and connections of traction circuits (not represented in the drawing), as well as the operations necessary for their protection.

Control is provided for rheostat starting and resistance braking with a further braking step arranged as a short-circuit for the traction motors.

In this Figure 10,

M is the master switch drum or cylinder V the drum or cylinder controlling the reversing switch.

CV and CV are auxiliary contacts on the lit) lilo

reversing switch; CV1 is mounted for example upon shaft of Figure 9, ant CV is mounted upon shaft 53 of the reversing switch.

EA is the electromagnet controlling the operation of the system.

SC is a segment provided for overload working.

SL are the auxiliary contacts actuated by the shaft of the combiner or selector.

RL BL, are the auxiliary contacts on the line. circuit breakers.

BL RL,, and BL, are the auxiliary contacts on the overload relay,

RA is the auxiliary contact of the accelerating relay.

BP is the auxiliary contact on the overload working relay.

BA, is a contact operated by an auxiliary relay.

SF is the electromagnet tor sclec'ing the brake action (corresponding to 8 in Figure 9).

RP represents sliding the shaft the eiectromagnet n tor of the combiner igure FU is the electroi'nagnet causing the fro tation of the combiner at a single movement to the emergency braking position (corre sponding to 77 in Figure 9).

V, V indicate the select-ion magnets for the direction of travel (correspoiuliug to (32 and ($3 in Figure 8),

The diit'erent apparatus are indicated only by their contacts or the wii'idings of their operating electromagnets.

The master switch or controller comprises three handles, namely: a main handle controlling the drum or cylinder M. a reversing handle controlling the cylinder V, and an overload handle '-ontrolling the segment SC.

The main handle, in moving over the zero position in the return direction passes into the braking positions but there might equally well be employed a special handle for brake operation.

The handle of the cylinder M is interlocked mechanically with the handle of the cylinder V, by any suitable device not represented.

It has been assumed that the master controller is constituted by a series of segments and corresponding fingers, but it is to be understood, that this apparatus might be constructed in any suitable manner on condition that the current supply to the controlled circuit is controlled in the manner hereafter indicated.

The nature and the function of the various apparatus in the system will be made clear in the course of the description: these apparatus are in general illustrated in their position of rest, but their respective positions in the ditl'erent phases of the operation will be stated hereafter.

In order to set the control system. in: operation, the master switch being at the zero or oil position, the handle of the cylinder V controlling the reversing switch is set to the position AV or AR according to the di rec tion desired; the handle of the cylinder M of the master switch is then pushed to the first working step, whereupon electrically connected. segn'icnts 106, 107, 108 on the said cylinder M come respectively into engagement with fingers 109, 105 and 110, 109 being connected to the lead 139 for the control supply, 105 being connected to the finger 101 by the lead 111. and 110 leading to the coin ductor 116 in the control circuit.

One of the direction-selecting windings V, or V of the reversing switch (Figure 8) is then energized, the circuit being traced through the lead 139, linger 109, segments 106 and 107, finger 105, lead 111, finger 104 of the cylinder V, and either by contact stud 100, finger 103, lead 112, and the lower auxiliary contacts of CV,, for the winding V for the forward direction of travel AV, or elfie by contact stud 101, linger 102, lead 113, and the upper auxiliary contacts of CV tor the winding V for the reverse direction of travel AB.

The windings V and V are connected to earth in parallel through the auxiliary contact BL, ot' the line circuit breakers it is indispensable that this last contact he closed and the circuit-breakers open, before either of the windings V, V, can be energized.

As soon as the selection represented in Figure 9 has been effected, one of the auxiliary contacts of CV closes, supplying cur rent to the main lead 11% of the control circuit.

As soon as the reversing switch has functioned, the auxiliary contacts of CV which have been brought into use open to break the circuit of the winding V or V previously energized.

In known systems, the conductor corresponding to 11% supplies the electroinagnets which operate the line. circuit-breakers directly or through an intern'iediary, but in the system according to the present. invention, the conductor 1141 is connected to the lingers 119 and 11S oi the selector bridged by a contact 115 in the zero position of the said selector, then to the auxiliary contact 118, of the overload relay, and finally to the electromagnot 10A which regulates the working of the mechanical selectorand ot' the oscillating shaftin the manner already set forth. The magnet 10A is earthed through a bascule contact 117 and the contact RA of the accelerating relay. The bascule contact 117 carried by the core of the magnet EA may be of known type producing the treml'iler-like operation of the electromagnet 112A.

The magnet EA is energized through the (iii lead 114 only while the combiner and the overload relay are both in the position of rest, with their respective auxiliary contacts 11.0, 115, 118 and RS, closed.

11 these conditions are fulfilled, the magnet EA will he ciltl'glZOtl in the position l of the master switch, and its core will vibrate under the control ot the bascule contact 117, producing it required the movement or the reversing switch by the rocking bar It, (Figure 8) and the advance of the selector through one step (from position to position 0,) followed by the engagement of the line contactors (not shown in the drawing) by the oscillating shaft 10. The contact 115 has thus been moved away from the lingers 118 and 119 and has cut the above described supply circuit of the magnet EA, while the segments 122 and 128 of the selector or combiner come respectively into engagement with the fingers 120, 121 and 129, 130, the function of which will be explained later.

From this moment onwards, the electromagnet EA is energized by another circuit comprising the finger 110, segment 108, lead 110 which includes the auxiliary contact IiL of the line circuit-breakers (now closed), and the selector fingers 120 and 121 bridged by segment 122 except in the Zero position of this apparatus.

The magnet l lA now performs a fresh osci lation under the control of its bascule contact 117, thereby advancing'the selector by another step; the selector then assumes the position I and effects the closure 01 the cont actors selected by the latter by means of the devices already described; moreover a stud 124 and a segment 127 on the selector come respectively into engagement with the lingers 123, 125, and 131, 132.

The traction circuit combinations thus effected correspond for example to series operationot the traction motors with all the resstances in circuit.

It it is desired that this method of operation be continued until a further action on the part of the driver the bascule contact 11"! can be short-circuited by the lead 126 extending 'l'ron'i the lead 116 after the magnet EA to the selector fingers 123, 125, now bridged by the stud 124. In the circuit of this lead 126 there are arranged the contacts BA, of the auxiliary relay.

The magnet EA will thus he energized in a continuous manner and its core upon reaching the end of its stroke will be held stationary, together with the selector and the oscillating shaft; the ser es connect-ion ot the traction motors with all the resistances in circuit will continue so long as the master controller occupies the position I.

W hen the driver pushes the master handle tlrom the position I to the position II, a seg ment blcctrically connected to the aforementioned segments 106, 107, 108, will come into engagement with a finger 135 arranged upon a conductor 133 connected to the selector finger 132 then bridged to the corresponding finger 131 by the segment 127.

The said linger 131 is connected to the lead 138 supplying the auxiliary relay of which the contact BA, is normally closed; when energized this relay opens its contact BA, and suppresses the short-circuit across the bascule contact 117. Under the action of the latter, the magnet A again oscillates automatically causing the step by step advance of the selector and the to and fro movement of the oscillating shaft; these apparatus effect the required successive combinations in the control circuit. This automatic operation takes place under the control of the accelerating relay, the contact RA of which interrupts the lead 116 as soon as the traction current exceeds a given value.

In order to arrest the automatic operation of the system at any desired position, full series for example, it is only necessary to short-circuit the bascule. contact 117 once more. For this purpose the segment 127 of the selector moves oil the fingers 131, 132 when the selector passes to the last series position, and breaks the excitation of the auxiliary relay; its contact BA, thereupon closes while another stud 137 identical with the aforementioned stud 124, bridges the fingers 123, 125.

In order to avoid premature intervention of the accelerating relay as well as the opening of its auxiliary contact RA and the stoppage of the electron'iagnet EA before its core has reached the end of the stroke, a contact 140 operated by this core and included in a lead 123, forming a shunt to the lead 116, will short-circuit the said contact RA and its winding, as soon as the core of the magnet EA moves; the contact 140 will open again only after this core has re sumed its position of rest.

When the driver pushes his master controller handle from the position II to the position III, the stud 1.34 on the drum M I electrically connected to the aforesaid segments 106, 107, 108 and 133, will place itself beneath a finger 136 connected to the finger 143 of the cylinder V by the lead 142; in this manner, during forward travel only, the finger 143 will be bridged by a stud 145 to a finger 144 arranged in a lead 141 extending to the selector finger 146 bridged to the finger 147, mounted upon the lead 138, by a segment 148, these connections being established in the last ot' the series working steps, for example. The automatic oscillation of the electromagnet EA can thus be resumed in forward travel, to provide the successive steps of operation with parallel connected motors, the auxiliary relay being energized by lead 142, finger 143, stud 145, finger 144, lead 1 11, finger 146, segment 148, finger 1-17 and lead 138. The lead 126 is then interrupted at the contact BA From the aforementioned lead 116 there is arranged a branch circuit 116 supplying the auxiliary electromagnet DV (Figure 1) in this circuit 116 are included the auxiliary contacts Eli ot the line circuit breakers and RS ot the overload relay as Well as a special contact 15% (hereafter described) controlled by the electromagnet EA, and finally the earthed finger 130 bridged to the finger 129 by the segment 128 on the selector, as soon as this latter leaves the zero position. In order that the magnet DV shall be energized, it is necessary on the one hand that the contacts RL and RS be closed (that is that the line circuit-breakers be likewise closed and the overload relays in position 01. rest) and on the other hand that the magnet EA perform a predetermined movement, the selector occupying any position other than the zero position.

The supply to the electromagnet DV is regulated by the contact 15% operated by the movable core of the main electromagnet EA. by means of any suitable device.

The movement of the magnet EA actuating the contact 1541 will result in opening the latter and breaking the excitation of the magnet DV; the Wheel 50 is unlocked as Well as the selector which can theretore advance one step.

But the contact 154 recloses soon as the electromagnet EA has performed a certain length of stroke, and the magnet- DV being energized draws the pawl -18 into the next notch in the wheel 50 as soon as it offers itself. It can easily be seen from the foregoing explanation that the positions of the selector Will thus be rigorously controlled and maintained apart from the direct action of the magnet EA.

The opening of the line circuit breakers will result in breaking the circuit or the electromagnet- DV at RE (see Figure 10) the pawl 4. .8 will be moved away from the notches 01 the Wheel 50 by the spring 51 and the selector Will be able to return to the Zero position under the action of a suitable spring or electromagnet device.

Overload operation may take place in spite of the intervention of the accelerating relay by the operation of the segment Q which serves to bridge a finger 119 branched from the lead 111. to a finger 150 connected to the supply lead 151 of the overload operation relay Winding, the other extremity of which is earthed. The said Winding \vhen energized causes the closure of its auxiliary contact Bl? included in a branch 126 of the lead 116. and short-circuits the bascule contact 117 and the accelerating relay in the manner indicated above.

Consequently the magnet EA will be held stationary at the end of its stroke. in spite of the opening of the auxiliary contact lid, of the accelerating relay, this condition subsisting so long as the segment SC bridges the contact fingers 149. 150 under the action of the overload operation handle.

.t is easy to see from the foregoing); that all desired combinations ot the tract on circuit can be obtained by means of parts or elements such as those utilized tor the series parallel operation of the traction motors dcscribed above.

Protection of the traction circuit is ensured in the customary manner by overload and voltage relays. as well as the suppression of the supply to the control circuit when the handle of the master cont-roller drum 1'1 is returned to Zero.

.IOWBVGY the invention is further characterized by the fact that the voltage relay is constituted by the minimum voltage electromagnet 4-2 (see Figure 7) which in the manner hereafter described causes the relea'e of the line circuit breakers as soon as iii-2 excitation ceases.

This magnet (Figures 7 and 10) has one extremity of its Winding earthed. the. other extremity being connected to a circuit comprising the lead 153 (Figure 10), branching from the lead 116, and an auxiliary contact BS of the overload relay. in such a manner that the said circuit vvill be interrupted and the line cireuit-ln'ealuu's will re lease:

(1) It the overload relay operates. by the opening of the auxiliary contact RS (2) If the voltage of the supply line tails by a predetermined amount.

(3) It the cylinder ll of the master controller is returned to zero.

The line circuit-ln'eakm's must not be able to be engaged it the voltage ads: for this reason the rod l1 (Figure 7). attached to the opposite ends of the levers and 36. will be moved towards the right by the thrust of the spring 43- upon the lever So unless the magnet is energized. The lever 35 there fore remains out of the path of the roller 13 and cannot actuate the lever 31' of the contactor. The engagement of the latter is thus prevented in case oi tailing voltage.

Figure 10 likewise includes particulars of the control circuits in case ol utilizing;- rheostatbraking. with the motors short-circuited in the ast step of brake appli rtion.

in this case. the line circait-breakers must remain open in rheostat ln-ake operation: this result is obtained auton'iatically by the suppression of the supply to the lead 116 and therefore also to the lead 153 which supplies the electron'iagnet (l igures 7 and 10). soon as the drum or cylinder Til of the master switch is pushed over the first brake position, which leaves the contacts 109, 105, 110 open.

Upon moving away from zero position, on the brake side, the cylinder M first passes into a position 0, in which it supplies a lead 158 by the passage of the segment 155 over the studs 156, 157. V v

This lead 158 extends to the contacts .159, 160 of the switch CV. These contacts are closed by a segn'ieut 161 on the switch CV,

it the reversing switch is in the forward position. In this case the brakes can only be applied in forward running.

The lead 158 supplies the magnet SF or 68 (Figures 9 and 10) which when energized brings the brake switch into operation. As soon as this device has rocked it closes the contacts 162, 163 by means of the segment 164 which through the lead 167 connected to the lead 113 supplies the reversing switch backward travel selection magnet V As soon as this operation is effected (see Figure 8) the switch CV, closes the contacts 168, 169 at the segment 170, thereby causing the supply of current to the electron'iagnet RP which controls the longitudinal movc ment of the shaft 9 of the combiner. v

As soon as the switch CV has turned, its upper segment-s supplies current to the lead 114 and therefore to the lead 116 controlling the magnet EA, if the combiner is at zero position and the contacts 118, 119 are closed.

The magnet EA then actuates the rocking bars K K K filst placing the reversing switch in backward travel position and the brake switch in the braking position; at the same time it advances the combiner by one step.

Thereafter the action of the rocking bars engages the contactors for the first step of brake application, as just selected bythe llll combiner.

In the moven'icnt of the reversing shaft, the switch CV interrupts the supply to the electron'iagnets V and SF. But the supply to the lead 158, which would be interrupted at the same time by the contacts 159, 160, is restored by the contacts 171, 172 closed by a segment 1.7 3 located on the shaft of the brake switch. This latter therefore remains in place, and the combiner shaft maintains its axial displacement, so long as the lead 158 is supplied by the segment 155 during the brake operation. I

A fter the combiner has advanced one step, the magnet EA is no longer energized.

Advance to the second braking stage by pushing the cylinder M to the position I supplies current to the lead 180 branched oil the lead 151. as well as to the lead 181 branched off the lead 116. by means of studs 18 1, 185 and 182, 183 and segnients 186, 187 respectively.

From the lead 181 there is also taken a lead 213 which will supply current to the magnet DV and unl ck the shaft g of the selector at each change of position, as al ready described.

It is easily understood that in this way the magnet EA will advance the system by one-step and that the parts remain in place under the action of the contact Bl? as explained above in the case of overload opera tion.

The passage to the later braking positions is cll'cctcd by pushing the cylinder M to the positions l1 Ill and so on, allowing the segments 186, 187 to leave their studs so as to interrupt the supply to the electromagnet EA which releases its core and is again actuated by the contact of further segments similar to 186, 187 with the studs 1.84, 185 and 182,183.

The last braking step corresponds to the short-circuiting of the motors; this can be produced either by passing through the successive braking steps of the cylinder M or by pushing the cylinder 31 to the final position by a. single movement. I

For this purpose, in the last braking position, the segment corresponding to 187 is suppressed. and another .egment 189 is provided for bridging the studs 199, 191; current is therefore supplied to the lead 192 and through contacts 193, 194, closed by a segment 195 on the shaft of the brake switch when the latter in thebrakingposition.

' The lead 192 supplies the electromagnet FU which causes the hooking of the lever 7 (Figure 9) over one of the teeth on the shaft 1 of the selector. At the same time it supplies (an-rent to the clectromagnet EA. through a branch 196 provided that the magnet F ll has operated and has closed the contacts 197, 198 by means of its bridge 200.

The magnet EA when so energized tirst sets the selector in the final braking position and then engages the contactors corresponding to this position.

The present electrical control systenii can evidently be applied to-the operation of multiple units; in this case it will be only necessary to connect the leads 139, 116, H1, 118, 112 and 151 to the corresponding leads of the other motor-cars or driving units by intercommunication cables extending along the train or the like.

The invention is likewiseapplicable to the non-automatic operation of traction circuits; in this case it suffices to determine the intermittent current supply to the lead 116 by suitable known means.

hat I claim is 1. A. control system for electrical equipments, comprising a master switch, an operating device controlled by said master switch, a plurality of contactors, mechanical means for selecting the contactors to be operated,

(ill

and mechanical means for engaging the contactors previously selected, said selecting and engaging means being distinct from one another, but actuated by the same operating device aforesaid.

2. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, means for selecting the contactors to be operated, means for operating said contactors when selected, and means for locking said contactors when operated, said operating means, selecting means and locking means being independent of each other.

3. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, means for selecting the contactors to be operated, means for operating said contactors when selected, means for locking said contactors when operated, and means for locking in non-operated position the contactors not selected, said selecting, operating and locking means being controlled by said master switch.

st. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, means for selecting the contactors to be operated in each position of said master switch. an oscillating shaft. and means carried by said oscillating shaft for operating at each oscillation in one direction the contactors selected for operation, said oscillating shaft being controlled by said master switch.

5. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, means for selecting the contactors to be operated, and means for operating said contaetors when selected, said selecting and operating means being controlled by said master switch in successive steps of its move ment.

(3. An electric control system. comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, mechanical means for selecting the contactors to be operated, means for operating said contactors when selected. said master switch controlling said selecting and operating means successively in the several steps of its movement, and positive locking means distinct from said selecting and operating means. said locking means maintaining said contactors in their set positions after each step of said master switch.

7. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, means for selecting the contactors to be operated at each step of said master switch, means for operating said contactors when selected, said selecting and operating means being distinct from one another, and sep arate actuating means for said selecting and operating means respectively, said selecting, operating and actuating means being con trolled by said master switch.

8. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, mechanical means for selecting the contactors to be operated, said selecting means including cams arranged along helical surfaces with means for producing sinmltaneous rotation and axial travel of said cams, and means for operating said contactors when selected, said selecting and operating means being controlled by said master switch.

9. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, a rotatable ram shaft tor selecting the contactors to be operated, levers carrying the movable contact members of said contactors, pivotal supports for said contactor levers, auxiliary levers pivotally mounted on said contactor levers, an oscillating shat. operating rollers carried by said shaft, said rollers adapt-ed to engage said auxiliary levers and cam-engaging levers operated by said cam shaft to adjust the position of said auxiliary levers.

10. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, a rotatable cam shaft for selecting the contactors to be operated, levers carrying the movable contact members of said contactors, pivotal supports for said conta tor levers, auxiliary levers pivotally mounted on said contactor levers, an oscillating shaft. operating rollers carried by said shatt, said rollers adapted to engage said auxiliary levers. cam-engaging levers operated by said cam shaft to adjust the position of said auxiliary levers, locking means carried by said contactor levers for maintaining the contacts in closed position, and means carried by said cam shaft for releasing said locking means upon its return to the off position.

11. An electric control system, comprising a master switch. a plurality of contactors, means for selecting and operating said contactors by successive steps of said master switch. an oscillating shaft included in said operating means. overload circuit breakers for the protection of the system, and means for closing said circuit breakers by the oscillation of said shaft upon initial movement of said master switch.

12. An electric control system. comprising a master switch. a plurality of contactors, means for selecting and operating said contact-01's by successive steps of said master switch, an oscillating shatt included in said operating means. overload and low-voltage circuit breakers 'tor the protection of the system, means for closing said circuit break ers by the oscillation of said shatt upon initial movement of said master switch, and electromagnetic means for opening said circuit breakers upon fall of voltage.

13. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors,

means for selecting the contactors to be 0perated, means for operating said contactors when selected, said selecting and operating means being controlled by said master switch in successive steps of its movement, and means for obtaining immediate travel of said selecting means to its limiting position in one direction.

14. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, means for selecting the contactors to be operated, means for operating said contactors when selected, said selecting and operating means being controlled by said master switch, means for reversing the motor direction, a brake switch, means for operating said brake switch in successive steps, and means for obtaining immediate travel of said brake switch to its limiting position when running in the direction reversing means.

15. An electric control system, comprising a master switch, a plurality of contactors, mechanical means for selecting the contactors to be operated, said selecting means including cams arranged along helical surfaces with means for producing simultaneous rotation and axial travel of said cams, means for operating said contactorswhere selected, said selecting and operating means being controlled by said master switch in successive steps of its movement, and means for obtaining axial non-rotary travel of said cams at one step in the movement of said master switch.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

PAUL CHARPEN TIER.

governed by said 

